--- cssclasses: - nolist date: '2024-10-10' description: a bag of chips/words/vernacular flashcards: default: true id: word layout: technical tags: - evergreen title: lists created: '2024-10-10' published: '2024-10-10' pageLayout: flashcards slug: word permalink: https://aarnphm.xyz/word.md generator: quartz: v4.6.0 hostedProvider: Cloudflare baseUrl: aarnphm.xyz full: https://aarnphm.xyz/llms-full.txt --- # lists [Source note](/word/source) ## 8ad5fb45 context transition An animation that maintains user context by showing how the new state originates from the previous one. ## 720262ef drill transition Used in hierarchical navigation; an animation where the view moves forward into deeper content or backward out of it, often using sliding or scaling. ## fb01f454 tween/interpoloation The process of generating intermediate frames (in-betweening) to create the illusion of smooth motion. ## 7cd8466a origin-aware animation Animations that emanate from the exact interaction point (e.g., where the user tapped or clicked) to reinforce causality. ## 39ff7a2c crossfade A simultaneous transition where one element fades out while another fades in. ## f8d9270d morph Seamlessly transforming the shape, size, or properties of one UI element into another. ## a5f18b8a layout animation Animating the reflow of elements when the DOM structure changes or elements are resized. ## 6df02406 direction-aware transition An animation that adapts its directional motion (e.g., slide left vs right) based on the user’s trajectory or interaction logic. ## a1d84b22 rubber-banding An overscroll effect where the UI stretches and snaps back to indicate the end of a scrolling boundary. ## 3995811f rippling A radial expansion effect starting from the point of contact, providing visual feedback for a touch or click. ## 623ae32c asymmetric easing Using different easing curves for the enter and exit states (e.g., entering with deceleration, exiting with acceleration). ## 45a6aa85 text morph and clip-path Animating typographic changes or revealing content using CSS clip-path transitions. ## 10eb41ec number ticker Animating numerical changes by rolling or sliding individual digits, similar to an odometer. ## 10131b68 Layout thrashing A performance bottleneck caused by repeatedly reading and writing DOM layout properties in quick succession, forcing the browser to recalculate synchronous layouts. ## 1715ee84 Spatial consistency Designing transitions so that elements maintain logical spatial relationships, making the interface behave like physical objects. ## 097de8d7 `[&|?]curius=\v\d+(,\s*\d+)*//g` grepping all curius queries within a HTTP link ## e6925f18 `\v\((O[^|]*)\)(\s*\|)/$\1$\2/g` Grepping any text that starts with a capital letter O, followed by some characters, and ends with a vertical bar/pipe character (|) ## 2cbc86e8 `sudo pmset -b sleep 0; sudo pmset -b disablesleep 1` disable display sleeping MacOS ## d969fa5e `sudo pmset -b sleep 5; sudo pmset -b disablesleep 0` revert sleeping setup on MacOS ## b125c93e SAXPY single-precision a \* x plus y ## 0792d063 L1 BLAS scalar,vector,vector-vector ops ## 9262ea9d L2 BLAS matrix-vector ops ## fdf527cb L3 BLAS matrix-matrix ops ## 1029f7b6 Big O notation $\begin{aligned} &\text{Big O(micron)}: O \text{ or } \mathcal{O} \\ &\text{Big Omega}: \Omega \\ &\text{Big Theta}: \Theta \\ &\text{Small O(micron)}: o \\ &\text{Small Omega}: \omega \\ &\text{On the order of}: \sim \end{aligned}$ ## b7efb020 time complexity of algorithm \| Algorithm | Best | Average | Worst | Stable | In-place | \| -------------- | ------------ | ------------ | ------------ | ------- | -------- | \| Bubble Sort | $O(n)$ | $O(n^2)$ | $O(n^2)$ | Yes | Yes | \| Selection Sort | $O(n^2)$ | $O(n^2)$ | $O(n^2)$ | No | Yes | \| Insertion Sort | $O(n)$ | $O(n^2)$ | $O(n^2)$ | Yes | Yes | \| Merge Sort | $O(n\log n)$ | $O(n\log n)$ | $O(n\log n)$ | Yes | No | \| Quick Sort | $O(n\log n)$ | $O(n\log n)$ | $O(n^2)$ | No | Yes-ish | \| Heap Sort | $O(n\log n)$ | $O(n\log n)$ | $O(n\log n)$ | No | Yes | \| Counting Sort | $O(n+k)$ | $O(n+k)$ | $O(n+k)$ | Yes | No | \| Radix Sort | $O(d(n+k))$ | $O(d(n+k))$ | $O(d(n+k))$ | Yes | No | \| Bucket Sort | $O(n+k)$ | $O(n+k)$ | $O(n^2)$ | Depends | Depends | \| TimSort | $O(n)$ | $O(n\log n)$ | $O(n\log n)$ | Yes | No-ish | ## 259d546e saudade a feeling of longing, melancholy, or nostalgia that is supposedly characteristic of Portuguese temperament ## b10b7d41 fin de siècle relating to or characteristic of the end of a century, especially the 19th century. ## 16cf18dc quine is a computer program that takes no input and produces a copy of its own _source code_ as its only output. ## 850eb367 endogenous having an internal cause or origin ## 007562d6 joie de vivre exuberant enjoyment of life ## 0669329c ditering quantized color on the web ## 6771be76 gastronomy art of choosing, cooking, and eating good food. ## cb9a2463 la cuisine nouvelle characterized by lighter, more delicate dishes and an increased emphasis on presentation ## 5f67d5e3 haute cuisine meticulous preparation, elaborate presentation, and the use of high quality ingredients ## e36a3dfb liminal space the in-between/transition state of being, see also [[thoughts/aesthetic value|aesthetics]] ## 6d641e82 polyphony a feature of narrative, which includes a diversity of simultaneous points of view and voices ## b9fcde83 row-major memory locations $x + N_x \cdot y$ - Access `A[y][x]` ## b6fbc6f8 col-major memory locations $y + N_y \cdot (x-1)$ - Access `A(y, x)` ## 4e6d03cb polysyllabic words with many syllables, often used to define complex terminology ## b3b9cdbe triptych a picture/relief carving on three panels, typically hinged together side by side and used as an altarpiece ## 5e0aae25 lex parsimoniae also known as law of parsimony, circa Occam’s razor ## 1a52699f kalsarikännit drink alone in your underwear with no intention of going out ## e3cc7f4f stork Baby-bringing bird ## 42d79e66 pesky annoying to deal with ## 0d21d0bd lowkenuinely lowkey + genuinely ## d32a3618 a fortiori mostly used to lead from a less certain proposition to a more evident corollary, i.e. “even more so” ## 442c2d91 passementerie fancy decorations on clothes ## 9bdf9bad claudification the [[library/Phenomenology of Perception|phenomena]] where Claude Code “harnesses” tasks by attributing a verb describing what it is doing. ## d6d1f1c6 semiotic the study of signs ## 41fc0779 chauvinist a person who displays an aggressive, unreasonable, and fanatical belief in the superiority of their own group ## bbb34d24 truculent someone who is aggressively self-assertive, defiant, and easily angered ## ee0cb996 Euler’s polyhedron formula $V-E+F$ ## 0a138591 mnestics see also [lesswrong](https://www.lesswrong.com/s/YshDJ9ECCgkwoNsBc/p/ksatPnddyZjHwZWwG), but largely this term comes from the book [[library/There is No Antimemetics Division|There is No Antimemetics Division]] by qntm ## 55ab2969 portmanteau In literature, also known in linguistics and lexicography as a blend word, lexical blend, or simply a blend, is a word formed by combining the meanings and parts of the sounds of two or more words. ## 55d4d7b8 solipsistic the philosophical belief that only one’s own mind is sure to exist. In every day language, it can be interpreted as self-centered, self-absorbed ## 1f741ca9 errata a list of corrections or errors discovered in a published work ## d47ce191 lingua franca a language systematically adopted as a common medium of communication between speakers whose native languages differ; a bridge language ## 5162adb5 CPU operation cost ladder A modern x86/x64 ballpark where operations span from `<1` cycle for register-register work to `10,000-1,000,000` cycles for a full thread context switch. ## e5f78f93 CPU operation cost caveat Treat the numbers as order-of-magnitude estimates; exact timings depend on CPU, compiler, cache state, contention, and surrounding instructions. ## 7e3ff58d CPU cost: simple register-register op `<1` cycle for `ADD`, `OR`, `MOV`-like work when operands are already in registers. ## e39e63cf CPU cost: memory write `~1` cycle apparent cost when the CPU can buffer the write. ## eb40caf8 CPU cost: bypass delay `0-3` cycles to switch between integer and floating-point units. ## e514c17b CPU cost: correctly predicted branch `1-2` cycles. ## 09c22489 CPU cost: floating-point/vector addition `1-3` cycles. ## 137d283f CPU cost: multiplication `1-7` cycles for integer, floating-point, or vector multiplication. ## a6e1f3af CPU cost: return error code and check `1-7` cycles in the normal case. ## 8b8c85bb CPU cost: L1 read `3-4` cycles. ## ce004f7e CPU cost: TLB miss `7-21` cycles. ## eea9697b CPU cost: L2 read `10-12` cycles. ## b166e94c CPU cost: branch misprediction `10-20` cycles, roughly `5-20x` the correctly predicted branch path. ## 73d84e02 CPU cost: floating-point division `10-40` cycles. ## 2a73f3fe CPU cost: 128-bit vector division `10-70` cycles. ## 9db2cf5b CPU cost: atomics/CAS `15-30` cycles. ## a7445e48 CPU cost: C function direct call `15-30` cycles. ## e794881a CPU cost: integer division `15-40` cycles. ## 59f349d3 CPU cost: C function indirect call `20-50` cycles. ## 6d96e23a CPU cost: C++ virtual function call `30-60` cycles. ## 3e823249 CPU cost: L3 read `30-70` cycles. ## 1a32d8f9 CPU cost: main RAM read `100-150` cycles, roughly `30-50x` an L1 read. ## c547a613 CPU cost: NUMA different-socket atomics/CAS `100-300` cycles. ## 8c16d28c CPU cost: NUMA different-socket L3 read `100-300` cycles. ## df415740 CPU cost: allocation+deallocation pair `200-500` cycles for small objects. ## a6d16868 CPU cost: NUMA different-socket main RAM read `300-500` cycles. ## 80710041 CPU cost: kernel call `1,000-1,500` cycles. ## 85a303df CPU cost: thread context switch direct costs `2,000` cycles. ## cc2a08ef CPU cost: C++ exception thrown+caught `5,000-10,000` cycles. ## 3526d2b7 CPU cost: thread context switch total costs `10,000-1,000,000` cycles, including cache invalidation. ## 713697e1 Torschlusspanik German, literally “gate-shut panic”; the anxiety that time is running out to act, especially the fear of diminishing opportunities (love, career, milestones) as one grows older. ## f768d41e Kairos Ancient Greek for the opportune or decisive moment, the right time to act; contrasted with _chronos_ (sequential clock time), and in rhetoric the moment ripe for persuasion. ## 569c83f9 pêche à pied French, “fishing on foot”; gathering shellfish and other seafood by hand along the foreshore at low tide. ## 9ce540cd tomfoolering foolish or silly behaviour; acting the fool (gerund of tomfoolery). ## fd439c59 ostreperous (obstreperous) noisy, unruly, and difficult to control. ## 760ac6b6 carthusian a member of the Carthusian order, an austere contemplative Catholic order founded by St Bruno in 1084, known for silence and solitude. ## fa007b31 vaudeville a genre of variety entertainment popular in North America in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, made up of separate unrelated acts. ## 208b76b4 firmament the heavens or the sky, especially regarded as a vault or arch. ## 54c1455d nipper British informal for a young child; also the pincer claw of a crab or lobster. ## 43259f97 aspersion an attack on someone’s reputation; a damaging or derogatory remark, as in “cast aspersions”. ## 150e9ac8 eudaimonia Greek for human flourishing or the highest human good; in Aristotelian ethics, well-being achieved through living virtuously. ## 603a8aa0 vim energy and enthusiasm, as in “vim and vigour”. ## 2e52896d sibilant making or characterized by a hissing sound, such as s, sh, or z. ## a7d613b3 nomenclature the system or set of names used in a particular field; the act of devising or choosing names. ## 5999cdd7 inundation a flood; an overwhelming abundance or influx of something. ## 5d81c65e paratactic relating to parataxis; placing clauses or phrases one after another without coordinating or subordinating connectives. ## d6c5faaf blogosphere the collective community of all blogs and their authors. ## 0d933a8f smitheeren (smithereens) small fragments or pieces, as in “blown to smithereens”. ## ebdf3fe8 bloviating talking at length in an inflated, pompous, and empty way. ## 98afc545 POSIWID “the purpose of a system is what it does”; a systems-thinking principle (Stafford Beer) that a system’s real purpose is revealed by its actual behaviour, not its stated goals. ## eb49a4d9 sacrament a religious rite regarded as imparting divine grace (e.g. baptism, the Eucharist); something regarded as sacred. ## f24f1bbb muggy (of weather) unpleasantly warm and humid. ## 37228b15 dasein German for “being-there”; Heidegger’s term for the distinctively human mode of existence that is aware of and questions its own being. ## c43e2e93 amatonormativity the assumption that a central, exclusive romantic relationship is a universal goal and normative for everyone (coined by Elizabeth Brake). ## 618f1738 epistolary relating to letters; (of a literary work) written in the form of letters. ## 688907ee meliorism the belief that the world can be improved by human effort; a middle position between optimism and pessimism. ## 6eb5a327 ample enough or more than enough; plentiful. ## 8b5eab01 interlocutors people who take part in a dialogue or conversation. ## ce032b78 a priori relating to reasoning that proceeds from theoretical deduction rather than observation; knowledge independent of experience. ## 63760fbb jovial cheerful and good-humoured. ## 0a4704df iconoclastic characterized by attacking cherished beliefs or established institutions; originally, destroying religious images. ## 21e9e5c5 quixotic extremely idealistic, unrealistic, and impractical (after Don Quixote). ## 6f1caf91 asinine extremely stupid or foolish. ## 81fdade2 peleton (peloton) the main group of riders bunched together in a cycling race. ## 9325b790 domestique a road cyclist who works for the benefit of their team and leader rather than to win. ## 969a91fb fevor (fervour) intense and passionate feeling. ## 8d3c4988 preclude to prevent from happening; to make impossible. ## ce290f86 revenant a person who has returned, especially supposedly from the dead. ## d2046d69 moratorium a temporary prohibition or suspension of an activity; a legal authorization to delay payment. ## f0216f9e pervasive spreading widely throughout an area or group; present everywhere. ## 6357febe continuity transition An animation that carries a shared element across states so the interface reads as one continuous object rather than a cut between screens. See [gabriell_lab](https://x.com/gabriell_lab/status/2058217175047901310). ## 81b5cfee `/^\s*-\s*tags:\s*\[/s/\(\[[^]]*\)\zs\([a-z0-9]\+\)-\([a-z0-9]\+\)\ze[^]]*\]/\2 \3/g` On lines matching a `tags: [...]` array, replace the hyphen in each hyphenated lowercase-alphanumeric tag (e.g. `foo-bar` becomes `foo bar`) with a space, leaving the surrounding brackets untouched. ## 30e34700 myopic nearsighted (short-sighted vision); figuratively, lacking foresight or breadth of view, focused only on immediate concerns. ## 4dbe798d latency numbers everyone should know Finbarr Timbers’ rule-of-thumb table spanning `1 ns` for an L1 cache reference to `150 ms` for a TCP round trip between continents, a \~150,000,000:1 spread; orders of magnitude matter more than the exact figures. ## a643b408 latency: L1 cache reference `1 ns` (`0.000001 ms`). ## cc5c0876 latency: branch misprediction `3 ns`, roughly `3x` an L1 cache reference. ## 30c95090 latency: L2 cache reference `4 ns`, roughly `4x` an L1 cache reference. ## 42b4ce2b latency: mutex lock/unlock `17 ns`. ## e7d1e76f latency: main memory reference `100 ns`, roughly `100x` an L1 cache reference. ## 3a3969a9 latency: compress 1 kB with Zippy `2,000 ns` (`0.002 ms`). ## 7348caff latency: send 2 kB over 10 Gbps network `1,600 ns` (`0.0016 ms`). ## 947b209b latency: read 1 MB sequentially from memory `10,000 ns` (`0.01 ms`). ## c0f371cf latency: SSD 4 kB random read `20,000 ns` (`0.02 ms`). ## 6439208e latency: read 1 MB sequentially from SSD `1,000,000 ns` (`1 ms`), roughly `100x` reading 1 MB from memory. ## b4ffcd17 latency: round trip within same datacenter `500,000 ns` (`0.5 ms`). ## e5a97a36 latency: read 1 MB sequentially from disk `5,000,000 ns` (`5 ms`), roughly `5x` reading 1 MB from SSD. ## 600f09b3 latency: read 1 MB sequentially from 1 Gbps network `10,000,000 ns` (`10 ms`). ## 76899abc latency: disk seek `10,000,000 ns` (`10 ms`). ## efcfdb6d latency: TCP packet round trip between continents `150,000,000 ns` (`150 ms`), the most expensive entry, roughly `300x` a same-datacenter round trip. ## 8fe6b30e throughput: sequential read from HDD `~200 MB/s`. ## 67d5b2ea throughput: sequential read from SSD `~1 GB/s`, roughly `5x` HDD sequential read. ## 344c6db6 throughput: sequential read from main memory `~100 GB/s` burst. ## 8c77eb67 throughput: sequential read from 10 Gbps Ethernet `~1000 MB/s`. ## d28bc0b2 round trips: Europe to US `~6-7/s`, limited by the cross-continent round-trip latency. ## 0273ab3f round trips: same-datacenter `~2000/s`, roughly `300x` the Europe-to-US rate. ## a98b8c21 latency sample calculation: 30 × 256 kB images from one server With 2 disks/machine, `30 / 2 = 15` reads; one HDD image read is `(256 kB / 1 MB) * 5ms + 10ms seek = 1.28ms + 10ms = 11.28ms`; total `15 * 11.28ms = 169.2ms`, giving `1000 / 169.2 ≈ 5` result pages/s. ## 0f52cc46 subaqueous existing, formed, or taking place under water. ## e273aea3 rollicking exuberantly lively and amusing; boisterously carefree. ## d0e1f683 consign to deliver to someone’s custody or care; to send (goods) to a destination, especially for sale; to assign to a place or state, often an undesirable one, as in “consign to oblivion”. ## 2a8f4ac9 mitochondrial biogenesis the process by which cells increase mitochondrial mass and number through growth and division of pre-existing mitochondria; regulated by PGC-1α and triggered by endurance exercise, caloric restriction, and cold exposure. ## fc4c9bf4 sesquipedalian given to using long words; (of a word) having many syllables, polysyllabic. ## f356c52a transient ischemic attack a brief episode of neurological dysfunction from a temporary loss of blood flow to the brain without permanent infarction; a “mini-stroke” and a warning sign of possible future stroke. ## 370b59ed uxorious excessively fond of or submissively devoted to one’s wife. ## b3733b43 listlessness a lack of energy, enthusiasm, or inclination to act; languid indifference. ## ba6076ef callous emotionally hardened and insensitive to the feelings or suffering of others; (of skin) thickened and hardened. ## 990f134c SSRI selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor; a class of antidepressants that raise serotonin levels by blocking its reuptake in the brain (e.g. fluoxetine, sertraline). ## 79a600c1 CBT cognitive behavioural therapy; a structured, goal-oriented form of psychotherapy that targets unhelpful thought and behaviour patterns, widely used for anxiety and depression. ## bbf88117 immiseration the process of making someone poorer or more wretched; economic impoverishment. In Marxist theory (Verelendung), the thesis that capitalist production progressively drives down wages and immiserates the proletariat. ## 45770842 salaciously in a way that shows or conveys undue, inappropriate interest in sexual matters; lecherously, lewdly. ## 7a766d5d picador a horse-mounted bullfighter who uses a lance to weaken a bull’s neck and shoulder muscles during a bullfight. ## 1fd4c9c3 mastication the act or process of chewing food. ## 3d41add8 sisu a Finnish concept of stoic determination, grit, and perseverance in the face of adversity. ## 81e01666 emblematic of, relating to, or constituting an emblem; symbolic or representative. ## fef98e27 dilettante a person having a superficial interest in an art or a branch of knowledge; a dabbler. ## 6ed58944 apocryphal of doubtful authenticity; spurious. ## cd86e3df supercilious coolly and patronizingly haughty. ## eed9197a sanctimonious hypocritically pious or devout. ## fb66a9d3 pharisaical marked by hypocritical censorious self-righteousness. ## 3a4ee5e3 diaphanous characterized by such fineness of texture as to permit seeing through; characterized by extreme delicacy of form; insubstantial or vague. ## be77d908 NATO Phonetic Alphabet - Alfa - Bravo - Charlie - Delta - Echo - Foxtrot - Golf - Hotel - India - Juliett - Kilo - Lima - Mike - November - Oscar - Papa - Quebec - Romeo - Sierra - Tango - Uniform - Victor - Whiskey - X-ray - Yankee - Zulu ## 0977507f paraphernalia articles of equipment designed for a particular use or activity; items or features associated with a particular activity; personal belongings. ## ff81d48f staffage supplementary people, animals, and decorative details in a painted scene, especially a landscape, that are secondary to its main subject. ## 0e0d33b3 bemoan to express sorrow or dissatisfaction about something; lament. ## 08a432fa diffident lacking self-confidence; shy or reserved. ## 88a77468 infantilism childish behavior in an adult; the persistence of infantile physical or psychological traits beyond infancy. ## 68018c89 exasperated very annoyed, frustrated, or angry. ## 163b758b scholastic relating to schools, education, or academic study; relating to scholasticism; excessively concerned with formal rules or fine distinctions. ## 1b6f73d6 stupefied stunned, astonished, or bewildered. ## 54823903 consternation a feeling of alarm, dismay, or confusion, often caused by something unexpected. ## 0b95a876 parsimonious excessively frugal or unwilling to spend; explaining observed facts with a simple account. ## 05efc9ee almanac a yearly publication containing a calendar and information such as astronomical events, tides, and weather predictions; a reference book, usually issued annually, collecting facts and statistics on one or more subjects.