--- cssclasses: - nolist date: '2024-10-10' description: a bag of chips/words/vernacular flashcards: default: true id: word layout: technical tags: - evergreen title: lists created: '2024-10-10' published: '2024-10-10' pageLayout: flashcards slug: word permalink: https://aarnphm.xyz/word.md generator: quartz: v4.6.0 hostedProvider: Cloudflare baseUrl: aarnphm.xyz full: https://aarnphm.xyz/llms-full.txt --- # lists [Source note](/word/source) ## 8ad5fb45 context transition An animation that maintains user context by showing how the new state originates from the previous one. ## 720262ef drill transition Used in hierarchical navigation; an animation where the view moves forward into deeper content or backward out of it, often using sliding or scaling. ## fb01f454 tween/interpoloation The process of generating intermediate frames (in-betweening) to create the illusion of smooth motion. ## 7cd8466a origin-aware animation Animations that emanate from the exact interaction point (e.g., where the user tapped or clicked) to reinforce causality. ## 39ff7a2c crossfade A simultaneous transition where one element fades out while another fades in. ## f8d9270d morph Seamlessly transforming the shape, size, or properties of one UI element into another. ## a5f18b8a layout animation Animating the reflow of elements when the DOM structure changes or elements are resized. ## 6df02406 direction-aware transition An animation that adapts its directional motion (e.g., slide left vs right) based on the user’s trajectory or interaction logic. ## a1d84b22 rubber-banding An overscroll effect where the UI stretches and snaps back to indicate the end of a scrolling boundary. ## 3995811f rippling A radial expansion effect starting from the point of contact, providing visual feedback for a touch or click. ## 623ae32c asymmetric easing Using different easing curves for the enter and exit states (e.g., entering with deceleration, exiting with acceleration). ## 45a6aa85 text morph and clip-path Animating typographic changes or revealing content using CSS clip-path transitions. ## 10eb41ec number ticker Animating numerical changes by rolling or sliding individual digits, similar to an odometer. ## 10131b68 Layout thrashing A performance bottleneck caused by repeatedly reading and writing DOM layout properties in quick succession, forcing the browser to recalculate synchronous layouts. ## 1715ee84 Spatial consistency Designing transitions so that elements maintain logical spatial relationships, making the interface behave like physical objects. ## 097de8d7 `[&|?]curius=\v\d+(,\s*\d+)*//g` grepping all curius queries within a HTTP link ## e6925f18 `\v\((O[^|]*)\)(\s*\|)/$\1$\2/g` Grepping any text that starts with a capital letter O, followed by some characters, and ends with a vertical bar/pipe character (|) ## 2cbc86e8 `sudo pmset -b sleep 0; sudo pmset -b disablesleep 1` disable display sleeping MacOS ## d969fa5e `sudo pmset -b sleep 5; sudo pmset -b disablesleep 0` revert sleeping setup on MacOS ## b125c93e SAXPY single-precision a \* x plus y ## 0792d063 L1 BLAS scalar,vector,vector-vector ops ## 9262ea9d L2 BLAS matrix-vector ops ## fdf527cb L3 BLAS matrix-matrix ops ## 1029f7b6 Big O notation $\begin{aligned} &\text{Big O(micron)}: O \text{ or } \mathcal{O} \\ &\text{Big Omega}: \Omega \\ &\text{Big Theta}: \Theta \\ &\text{Small O(micron)}: o \\ &\text{Small Omega}: \omega \\ &\text{On the order of}: \sim \end{aligned}$ ## b7efb020 time complexity of algorithm \| Algorithm | Best | Average | Worst | Stable | In-place | \| -------------- | ------------ | ------------ | ------------ | ------- | -------- | \| Bubble Sort | $O(n)$ | $O(n^2)$ | $O(n^2)$ | Yes | Yes | \| Selection Sort | $O(n^2)$ | $O(n^2)$ | $O(n^2)$ | No | Yes | \| Insertion Sort | $O(n)$ | $O(n^2)$ | $O(n^2)$ | Yes | Yes | \| Merge Sort | $O(n\log n)$ | $O(n\log n)$ | $O(n\log n)$ | Yes | No | \| Quick Sort | $O(n\log n)$ | $O(n\log n)$ | $O(n^2)$ | No | Yes-ish | \| Heap Sort | $O(n\log n)$ | $O(n\log n)$ | $O(n\log n)$ | No | Yes | \| Counting Sort | $O(n+k)$ | $O(n+k)$ | $O(n+k)$ | Yes | No | \| Radix Sort | $O(d(n+k))$ | $O(d(n+k))$ | $O(d(n+k))$ | Yes | No | \| Bucket Sort | $O(n+k)$ | $O(n+k)$ | $O(n^2)$ | Depends | Depends | \| TimSort | $O(n)$ | $O(n\log n)$ | $O(n\log n)$ | Yes | No-ish | ## 259d546e saudade a feeling of longing, melancholy, or nostalgia that is supposedly characteristic of Portuguese temperament ## b10b7d41 fin de siècle relating to or characteristic of the end of a century, especially the 19th century. ## 16cf18dc quine is a computer program that takes no input and produces a copy of its own _source code_ as its only output. ## 850eb367 endogenous having an internal cause or origin ## 007562d6 joie de vivre exuberant enjoyment of life ## 0669329c ditering quantized color on the web ## 6771be76 gastronomy art of choosing, cooking, and eating good food. ## cb9a2463 la cuisine nouvelle characterized by lighter, more delicate dishes and an increased emphasis on presentation ## 5f67d5e3 haute cuisine meticulous preparation, elaborate presentation, and the use of high quality ingredients ## e36a3dfb liminal space the in-between/transition state of being, see also [[thoughts/aesthetic value|aesthetics]] ## 6d641e82 polyphony a feature of narrative, which includes a diversity of simultaneous points of view and voices ## b9fcde83 row-major memory locations $x + N_x \cdot y$ - Access `A[y][x]` ## b6fbc6f8 col-major memory locations $y + N_y \cdot (x-1)$ - Access `A(y, x)` ## 4e6d03cb polysyllabic words with many syllables, often used to define complex terminology ## b3b9cdbe triptych a picture/relief carving on three panels, typically hinged together side by side and used as an altarpiece ## 5e0aae25 lex parsimoniae also known as law of parsimony, circa Occam’s razor ## 1a52699f kalsarikännit drink alone in your underwear with no intention of going out ## e3cc7f4f stork Baby-bringing bird ## 42d79e66 pesky annoying to deal with ## 0d21d0bd lowkenuinely lowkey + genuinely ## d32a3618 a fortiori mostly used to lead from a less certain proposition to a more evident corollary, i.e. “even more so” ## 442c2d91 passementerie fancy decorations on clothes ## 9bdf9bad claudification the [[library/Phenomenology of Perception|phenomena]] where Claude Code “harnesses” tasks by attributing a verb describing what it is doing. ## d6d1f1c6 semiotic the study of signs ## 41fc0779 chauvinist a person who displays an aggressive, unreasonable, and fanatical belief in the superiority of their own group ## bbb34d24 truculent someone who is aggressively self-assertive, defiant, and easily angered ## ee0cb996 Euler’s polyhedron formula $V-E+F$ ## 0a138591 mnestics see also [lesswrong](https://www.lesswrong.com/s/YshDJ9ECCgkwoNsBc/p/ksatPnddyZjHwZWwG), but largely this term comes from the book [[library/There is No Antimemetics Division|There is No Antimemetics Division]] by qntm ## 55ab2969 portmanteau In literature, also known in linguistics and lexicography as a blend word, lexical blend, or simply a blend, is a word formed by combining the meanings and parts of the sounds of two or more words. ## 55d4d7b8 solipsistic the philosophical belief that only one’s own mind is sure to exist. In every day language, it can be interpreted as self-centered, self-absorbed ## 1f741ca9 errata a list of corrections or errors discovered in a published work ## d47ce191 lingua franca a language systematically adopted as a common medium of communication between speakers whose native languages differ; a bridge language ## 5162adb5 CPU operation cost ladder A modern x86/x64 ballpark where operations span from `<1` cycle for register-register work to `10,000-1,000,000` cycles for a full thread context switch. ## e5f78f93 CPU operation cost caveat Treat the numbers as order-of-magnitude estimates; exact timings depend on CPU, compiler, cache state, contention, and surrounding instructions. ## 7e3ff58d CPU cost: simple register-register op `<1` cycle for `ADD`, `OR`, `MOV`-like work when operands are already in registers. ## e39e63cf CPU cost: memory write `~1` cycle apparent cost when the CPU can buffer the write. ## eb40caf8 CPU cost: bypass delay `0-3` cycles to switch between integer and floating-point units. ## e514c17b CPU cost: correctly predicted branch `1-2` cycles. ## 09c22489 CPU cost: floating-point/vector addition `1-3` cycles. ## 137d283f CPU cost: multiplication `1-7` cycles for integer, floating-point, or vector multiplication. ## a6e1f3af CPU cost: return error code and check `1-7` cycles in the normal case. ## 8b8c85bb CPU cost: L1 read `3-4` cycles. ## ce004f7e CPU cost: TLB miss `7-21` cycles. ## eea9697b CPU cost: L2 read `10-12` cycles. ## b166e94c CPU cost: branch misprediction `10-20` cycles, roughly `5-20x` the correctly predicted branch path. ## 73d84e02 CPU cost: floating-point division `10-40` cycles. ## 2a73f3fe CPU cost: 128-bit vector division `10-70` cycles. ## 9db2cf5b CPU cost: atomics/CAS `15-30` cycles. ## a7445e48 CPU cost: C function direct call `15-30` cycles. ## e794881a CPU cost: integer division `15-40` cycles. ## 59f349d3 CPU cost: C function indirect call `20-50` cycles. ## 6d96e23a CPU cost: C++ virtual function call `30-60` cycles. ## 3e823249 CPU cost: L3 read `30-70` cycles. ## 1a32d8f9 CPU cost: main RAM read `100-150` cycles, roughly `30-50x` an L1 read. ## c547a613 CPU cost: NUMA different-socket atomics/CAS `100-300` cycles. ## 8c16d28c CPU cost: NUMA different-socket L3 read `100-300` cycles. ## df415740 CPU cost: allocation+deallocation pair `200-500` cycles for small objects. ## a6d16868 CPU cost: NUMA different-socket main RAM read `300-500` cycles. ## 80710041 CPU cost: kernel call `1,000-1,500` cycles. ## 85a303df CPU cost: thread context switch direct costs `2,000` cycles. ## cc2a08ef CPU cost: C++ exception thrown+caught `5,000-10,000` cycles. ## 3526d2b7 CPU cost: thread context switch total costs `10,000-1,000,000` cycles, including cache invalidation. ## 713697e1 Torschlusspanik German, literally “gate-shut panic”; the anxiety that time is running out to act, especially the fear of diminishing opportunities (love, career, milestones) as one grows older. ## f768d41e Kairos Ancient Greek for the opportune or decisive moment, the right time to act; contrasted with _chronos_ (sequential clock time), and in rhetoric the moment ripe for persuasion. ## 569c83f9 pêche à pied French, “fishing on foot”; gathering shellfish and other seafood by hand along the foreshore at low tide. ## 9ce540cd tomfoolering foolish or silly behaviour; acting the fool (gerund of tomfoolery). ## fd439c59 ostreperous (obstreperous) noisy, unruly, and difficult to control. ## 760ac6b6 carthusian a member of the Carthusian order, an austere contemplative Catholic order founded by St Bruno in 1084, known for silence and solitude. ## fa007b31 vaudeville a genre of variety entertainment popular in North America in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, made up of separate unrelated acts. ## 208b76b4 firmament the heavens or the sky, especially regarded as a vault or arch. ## 54c1455d nipper British informal for a young child; also the pincer claw of a crab or lobster. ## 43259f97 aspersion an attack on someone’s reputation; a damaging or derogatory remark, as in “cast aspersions”. ## 150e9ac8 eudaimonia Greek for human flourishing or the highest human good; in Aristotelian ethics, well-being achieved through living virtuously. ## 603a8aa0 vim energy and enthusiasm, as in “vim and vigour”. ## 2e52896d sibilant making or characterized by a hissing sound, such as s, sh, or z. ## a7d613b3 nomenclature the system or set of names used in a particular field; the act of devising or choosing names. ## 5999cdd7 inundation a flood; an overwhelming abundance or influx of something. ## 5d81c65e paratactic relating to parataxis; placing clauses or phrases one after another without coordinating or subordinating connectives. ## d6c5faaf blogosphere the collective community of all blogs and their authors. ## 0d933a8f smitheeren (smithereens) small fragments or pieces, as in “blown to smithereens”. ## ebdf3fe8 bloviating talking at length in an inflated, pompous, and empty way. ## 98afc545 POSIWID “the purpose of a system is what it does”; a systems-thinking principle (Stafford Beer) that a system’s real purpose is revealed by its actual behaviour, not its stated goals. ## eb49a4d9 sacrament a religious rite regarded as imparting divine grace (e.g. baptism, the Eucharist); something regarded as sacred. ## f24f1bbb muggy (of weather) unpleasantly warm and humid. ## 37228b15 dasein German for “being-there”; Heidegger’s term for the distinctively human mode of existence that is aware of and questions its own being. ## c43e2e93 amatonormativity the assumption that a central, exclusive romantic relationship is a universal goal and normative for everyone (coined by Elizabeth Brake). ## 618f1738 epistolary relating to letters; (of a literary work) written in the form of letters. ## 688907ee meliorism the belief that the world can be improved by human effort; a middle position between optimism and pessimism. ## 6eb5a327 ample enough or more than enough; plentiful. ## 8b5eab01 interlocutors people who take part in a dialogue or conversation. ## ce032b78 a priori relating to reasoning that proceeds from theoretical deduction rather than observation; knowledge independent of experience. ## 63760fbb jovial cheerful and good-humoured. ## 0a4704df iconoclastic characterized by attacking cherished beliefs or established institutions; originally, destroying religious images. ## 21e9e5c5 quixotic extremely idealistic, unrealistic, and impractical (after Don Quixote). ## 6f1caf91 asinine extremely stupid or foolish. ## 81fdade2 peleton (peloton) the main group of riders bunched together in a cycling race. ## 9325b790 domestique a road cyclist who works for the benefit of their team and leader rather than to win. ## 969a91fb fevor (fervour) intense and passionate feeling. ## 8d3c4988 preclude to prevent from happening; to make impossible. ## ce290f86 revenant a person who has returned, especially supposedly from the dead. ## d2046d69 moratorium a temporary prohibition or suspension of an activity; a legal authorization to delay payment. ## f0216f9e pervasive spreading widely throughout an area or group; present everywhere. ## 6357febe continuity transition An animation that carries a shared element across states so the interface reads as one continuous object rather than a cut between screens. See [gabriell_lab](https://x.com/gabriell_lab/status/2058217175047901310). ## 81b5cfee `/^\s*-\s*tags:\s*\[/s/\(\[[^]]*\)\zs\([a-z0-9]\+\)-\([a-z0-9]\+\)\ze[^]]*\]/\2 \3/g` On lines matching a `tags: [...]` array, replace the hyphen in each hyphenated lowercase-alphanumeric tag (e.g. `foo-bar` becomes `foo bar`) with a space, leaving the surrounding brackets untouched. ## 30e34700 myopic nearsighted (short-sighted vision); figuratively, lacking foresight or breadth of view, focused only on immediate concerns. ## 4dbe798d latency numbers everyone should know Finbarr Timbers’ rule-of-thumb table spanning `1 ns` for an L1 cache reference to `150 ms` for a TCP round trip between continents, a \~150,000,000:1 spread; orders of magnitude matter more than the exact figures. ## a643b408 latency: L1 cache reference `1 ns` (`0.000001 ms`). ## cc5c0876 latency: branch misprediction `3 ns`, roughly `3x` an L1 cache reference. ## 30c95090 latency: L2 cache reference `4 ns`, roughly `4x` an L1 cache reference. ## 42b4ce2b latency: mutex lock/unlock `17 ns`. ## e7d1e76f latency: main memory reference `100 ns`, roughly `100x` an L1 cache reference. ## 3a3969a9 latency: compress 1 kB with Zippy `2,000 ns` (`0.002 ms`). ## 7348caff latency: send 2 kB over 10 Gbps network `1,600 ns` (`0.0016 ms`). ## 947b209b latency: read 1 MB sequentially from memory `10,000 ns` (`0.01 ms`). ## c0f371cf latency: SSD 4 kB random read `20,000 ns` (`0.02 ms`). ## 6439208e latency: read 1 MB sequentially from SSD `1,000,000 ns` (`1 ms`), roughly `100x` reading 1 MB from memory. ## b4ffcd17 latency: round trip within same datacenter `500,000 ns` (`0.5 ms`). ## e5a97a36 latency: read 1 MB sequentially from disk `5,000,000 ns` (`5 ms`), roughly `5x` reading 1 MB from SSD. ## 600f09b3 latency: read 1 MB sequentially from 1 Gbps network `10,000,000 ns` (`10 ms`). ## 76899abc latency: disk seek `10,000,000 ns` (`10 ms`). ## efcfdb6d latency: TCP packet round trip between continents `150,000,000 ns` (`150 ms`), the most expensive entry, roughly `300x` a same-datacenter round trip. ## 8fe6b30e throughput: sequential read from HDD `~200 MB/s`. ## 67d5b2ea throughput: sequential read from SSD `~1 GB/s`, roughly `5x` HDD sequential read. ## 344c6db6 throughput: sequential read from main memory `~100 GB/s` burst. ## 8c77eb67 throughput: sequential read from 10 Gbps Ethernet `~1000 MB/s`. ## d28bc0b2 round trips: Europe to US `~6-7/s`, limited by the cross-continent round-trip latency. ## 0273ab3f round trips: same-datacenter `~2000/s`, roughly `300x` the Europe-to-US rate. ## a98b8c21 latency sample calculation: 30 × 256 kB images from one server With 2 disks/machine, `30 / 2 = 15` reads; one HDD image read is `(256 kB / 1 MB) * 5ms + 10ms seek = 1.28ms + 10ms = 11.28ms`; total `15 * 11.28ms = 169.2ms`, giving `1000 / 169.2 ≈ 5` result pages/s. ## 0f52cc46 subaqueous existing, formed, or taking place under water. ## e273aea3 rollicking exuberantly lively and amusing; boisterously carefree. ## d0e1f683 consign to deliver to someone’s custody or care; to send (goods) to a destination, especially for sale; to assign to a place or state, often an undesirable one, as in “consign to oblivion”. ## 2a8f4ac9 mitochondrial biogenesis the process by which cells increase mitochondrial mass and number through growth and division of pre-existing mitochondria; regulated by PGC-1α and triggered by endurance exercise, caloric restriction, and cold exposure. ## fc4c9bf4 sesquipedalian given to using long words; (of a word) having many syllables, polysyllabic. ## f356c52a transient ischemic attack a brief episode of neurological dysfunction from a temporary loss of blood flow to the brain without permanent infarction; a “mini-stroke” and a warning sign of possible future stroke. ## 370b59ed uxorious excessively fond of or submissively devoted to one’s wife. ## b3733b43 listlessness a lack of energy, enthusiasm, or inclination to act; languid indifference. ## ba6076ef callous emotionally hardened and insensitive to the feelings or suffering of others; (of skin) thickened and hardened. ## 990f134c SSRI selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor; a class of antidepressants that raise serotonin levels by blocking its reuptake in the brain (e.g. fluoxetine, sertraline). ## 79a600c1 CBT cognitive behavioural therapy; a structured, goal-oriented form of psychotherapy that targets unhelpful thought and behaviour patterns, widely used for anxiety and depression. ## bbf88117 immiseration the process of making someone poorer or more wretched; economic impoverishment. In Marxist theory (Verelendung), the thesis that capitalist production progressively drives down wages and immiserates the proletariat. ## 45770842 salaciously in a way that shows or conveys undue, inappropriate interest in sexual matters; lecherously, lewdly. ## 7a766d5d picador a horse-mounted bullfighter who uses a lance to weaken a bull’s neck and shoulder muscles during a bullfight. ## 1fd4c9c3 mastication the act or process of chewing food. ## 3d41add8 sisu a Finnish concept of stoic determination, grit, and perseverance in the face of adversity. ## 81e01666 emblematic of, relating to, or constituting an emblem; symbolic or representative. ## fef98e27 dilettante a person having a superficial interest in an art or a branch of knowledge; a dabbler. ## 6ed58944 apocryphal of doubtful authenticity; spurious. ## cd86e3df supercilious coolly and patronizingly haughty. ## eed9197a sanctimonious hypocritically pious or devout. ## fb66a9d3 pharisaical marked by hypocritical censorious self-righteousness. ## 3a4ee5e3 diaphanous characterized by such fineness of texture as to permit seeing through; characterized by extreme delicacy of form; insubstantial or vague. ## be77d908 NATO Phonetic Alphabet - Alfa - Bravo - Charlie - Delta - Echo - Foxtrot - Golf - Hotel - India - Juliett - Kilo - Lima - Mike - November - Oscar - Papa - Quebec - Romeo - Sierra - Tango - Uniform - Victor - Whiskey - X-ray - Yankee - Zulu ## 0977507f paraphernalia articles of equipment designed for a particular use or activity; items or features associated with a particular activity; personal belongings. ## ff81d48f staffage supplementary people, animals, and decorative details in a painted scene, especially a landscape, that are secondary to its main subject. ## 0e0d33b3 bemoan to express sorrow or dissatisfaction about something; lament. ## 08a432fa diffident lacking self-confidence; shy or reserved. ## 88a77468 infantilism childish behavior in an adult; the persistence of infantile physical or psychological traits beyond infancy. ## 68018c89 exasperated very annoyed, frustrated, or angry. ## 163b758b scholastic relating to schools, education, or academic study; relating to scholasticism; excessively concerned with formal rules or fine distinctions. ## 1b6f73d6 stupefied stunned, astonished, or bewildered. ## 54823903 consternation a feeling of alarm, dismay, or confusion, often caused by something unexpected. ## 0b95a876 parsimonious excessively frugal or unwilling to spend; explaining observed facts with a simple account. ## 05efc9ee almanac a yearly publication containing a calendar and information such as astronomical events, tides, and weather predictions; a reference book, usually issued annually, collecting facts and statistics on one or more subjects. ## 94af6c23 obstreperous noisy, unruly, and difficult to control. ## 9d4dc05a credulous too willing to believe claims, making one easily deceived; gullible. ## 5eeb6eed perspicacious quick and accurate in understanding people or situations; perceptive. ## 5d2e87d1 paroxysm a sudden, intense outburst of emotion or activity; a brief attack of pain or involuntary physical shaking. ## ce9486a9 dowdy dull, unattractive, or unfashionable in appearance or dress. ## 36c60e2d austere plain and unadorned; strict or severe in manner; lacking comforts or luxuries. ## 35742dcc mercantilism economic ideas and policies common in early modern Europe that used state regulation of trade to strengthen national wealth and power, often by promoting exports, restricting imports, and accumulating bullion. ## ac624b13 bellibone a woman admired for both beauty and goodness; a fair maid. ## 493c3394 alembic a traditional distilling vessel with a beaked head; figuratively, something that transforms, purifies, or refines. ## 4afd8f0d storge natural familial affection, especially the love between parents and children. ## 8e983ead lethargic lacking energy or enthusiasm; sluggish and listless. ## 9c6b953c spent exhausted or drained of energy; used up or depleted. ## 21112854 knackered (British slang) extremely tired; also worn out or broken beyond use. ## 5f5e3c19 languid slow and relaxed in movement or manner; lacking energy or vigor.