---
date: '2024-10-21'
description: midterm review covering requirements engineering, sson, goals, personas, risk management, and oppression-aware design.
id: midterm
modified: 2026-06-05 15:08:37 GMT-04:00
tags:
  - sfwr3ra3
title: requirements notes
created: '2024-10-21'
published: '2024-10-21'
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slug: thoughts/university/twenty-four-twenty-five/sfwr-3ra3/midterm
permalink: https://aarnphm.xyz/thoughts/university/twenty-four-twenty-five/sfwr-3ra3/midterm.md
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full: https://aarnphm.xyz/llms-full.txt
---
> People do not buy products, they buy solutions to their problems.

A good requirements is

- necessary
- verifiable
- attainable

Goals: desired results for target organisation

- obstacles: property to be overcome
  Behaviour:
- functional: outcome produced by _system_
- non-functional: property of how system achieves outcomes
  Constraints:
- imposed by environment

VARIED framework:

Vivid: actually meet the persona
Actionable: it should <mark>help the team</mark> to build the product
Real: where user are, observe and interact
Identifiable: dog-food
Exact: Be specific
Detailed: Good personas are substantial

> \[!abstract\] Requirement Engineering
>
> is a **human activity** based on cognitive psychology, anthropology, sociology, and linguistics

## SSON (Single Statement of Need)

> clear, concise statement about <mark>system's overall goals</mark> and <mark>how it will accomplish</mark> those goals

- describe what **capability the system** being developed will provide

## goal.

> convey **intention/rationale/objective** of stakholders

- support _elicitation, analysis, and provide inputs for specification_

Actor: act within a system to achieve the goal
Agent: act on behalf of other actors
Role: an actor can play $0 \cdots n$ roles
Position: consistent roles that are cohesive

> \[!note\] Hard Goal
>
> Can **measure**, quantify and describe in their entirety

> \[!note\] Soft Goal
>
> We know we need but cannot describe fully

Resource: Can be used to achieve goals by an actor

Plans: how actor will execute actions

### resolving soft goals

1. Definitions: convert soft <span>&rArr;</span> hard

2. Contributions: create sub goals to solve soft goals as functions

3. Decomposition: decompose soft to multiple sub goals

## Risks.

flexible, adaptive, and changeable

> potential events can impact your project progress

Issues: known problems can be identified

Risk (what if) <span>&rArr;</span> issues (current)

who to contact

how to mitigate such risks

> calm, figure out root cause, and come up with solutions

### RACI matrix

Responsible
Accountable
Consulted
Informed

### fish-bone diagram

scope creep

risk register

risk assessment

### probability and impact matrix

inherent risk: measure of a risk, calculated by its probability and impact

time risks

budget risks

scope risks: not be able to deliver milestones

external risks:

Single point of failure: risk that has potential to cause a catastrophic failure.

dependency: relations between different tasks

### mitigation strategies

- avoid
- accept
- reduce and control (use decision tree)
- transfer

## Requirements of Oppression

socio-technical, DEI <span>&rArr;</span> social infrastructure that reflect, reinforce, and amplify the matrix of oppression

- Gender
- Ability
- Race

Bias in data

1. Center the margins, or increase more diversity
2. social conflict?
3. Human-centric

## modelling

> conceptual representation of something